Unit 1 How do you study for a test?

〖单词〗

1. pronunciation (n) 发音；发音法

(v) pronounce 发…音；正确（或清楚地）吐（字、音等）

2. memorize (v) 记住；熟记 = learn…by heart

(n) memory 回想力

3. frustrate (v) 使绝望；使沮丧；使厌烦

(adj) frustrated （或人）感到沮丧的；失落的

(adj) frustrating (某物)令人绝望的；令人沮丧的

4. excited (adj) (或人)激动的；振奋的

exciting (adj) (某物)令人激动的；振奋的

5. mistake ①(n) 差错；差错②(v) 弄错；犯错

mistake A for B : 把A错认为B

eg. People often mistake me for my brother.

我们常常把我错认为是我哥哥。

make a mistake = make mistakes 犯错；犯错

6. solution (n) 处置；答复

（v）solve 处置；答复

7. complete ①(adj) 无缺的；完全的②(v) 结束

8. sentence ①（n）语句 ②(v)断定；宣判

sentence sb to death 判处或人死刑

9. secret (n) 诀窍；诀窍；隐秘

（n） secretary 秘书；书记

10. impress (v) 使感动；使形象深化

impress sb with…: 在…方面给或人留下形象

11. trouble (n) 困难；烦恼；担忧

in trouble 处于窘境中

have trouble doing : 做…遇到费事

12. regard (v) 将…视为/ 当作

regard…as :把…视为/当作

eg. He always regards himself as a man.

他老是把自个当作男人汉。

13. disagreement (n) 不合；纷歧致；定见不合

(v) disagree 不附和 (v) agree 附和

14. development (n) 发育；生长；打开

(v) develop 打开 (adj) developing 打开中的

(adj) developed 兴隆的

15. psychologist (n) 心思学家；心思研讨者

(n) psychology 心思学

Section A

〖常识点及短语〗

1.by doing经过/靠做…

eg. I improve hearing by listening to tapes.

我经过听磁带来前进我的听力。

2. the best ways to learn English学习英语的最佳办法

此处的to learn English是动词不定式作定语。

3. too…to : 太…而不能

留心与so…that和not enough to的替换

eg.①He is tooyoung to go to school.

= He is so young that he can’t go to school.

= He isn’t old enough to go to school.

②He runs so fast that we can’t catch up with him.

= He runs too fast for us to catch up.

③The box is too heavy for me to lift.

这个箱子对我而言太重了而不能提起。

留心：在too…to规划中，假定不定式(to do)后边的宾语是该句的主语，则应省去to do后的宾语。如上面的例②、③

4. keep a diary 记日记

5. in… way 用…的办法

inthat way 用那种办法

6. speaking skills 说话技能/技巧

7. read aloud 朗读

8. What about reading aloudto practice pronunciation? 朗读来操练发音如何？

留心这儿的to practice pronunciation是动词不定式表意图，作意图状语。

9. look up (在字、词典中)查找

10. ask sb aboutsth 问询或人某事的情况

11. more specific 更特别 most specific 最特别

12. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他发现看影片令人绝望。

find + 宾语 + adj 发现/觉得…怎么样。

find sb doing 发现或人在做…

find it +adj +to do 发觉做…怎么样

eg.① I find English very easy. 我觉得英语很简略。

② I found a boy singing under the tree.我发现有个男孩在树下歌唱。

③ I find itdifficult to learn math. 我觉得学习数学难。

13. be / get excited aboutsth 对某事感到振奋

14. end up doing以做…而告终

15. do a survey about…做一个…方面的查询。

16. Can I ask you somequestions?(提主张的问句顶用some)

Section B and Self-check

〖常识点及短语〗

1. spokenEnglish 英语口语

2. ingrammar 在语法上

get…right 使…正确；纠正…

eg.① Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦洁净

②Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来

③We hadsome photos taken in the park yesterday.

昨日咱们在公园了请人拍了些相。

④You should get your hair cut.你大聘请人理发。

4. I don’t have a partner to practice Englishwith.

我没有操练英语的火伴。

[留心]：该句是不定式作定语，见Section A中的说明。

5.It’s +adj + of/forsb to do sth.:对或人而言，做…是…的

当描述词用于润饰人时，介词用of. 常见的此类描述词有：kind ; good ; clever ; careful ; polite ; right ; wrong. 其他情况用for.

1)It’s veryclever of you to do that.对你来说，那样做是正确的。（那样做，你很正确）

2)It’s hard forme to work out the problem.对我来说，算出这道题是困难的。

6. to begin with = at first 起先

eg. To begin with, the day was fine, but then it began to rain. 起先气候极好，但后来初步下雨。

7. later on 后来；稍后

eg.①Don’t be afraid to ask questions. 别怕问疑问。

②He is afraid of speaking in public.

他怕在公共场所说话。

9. take notes 做笔记

10. make sentences 造句

11. impress sb with…: 在…方面给或人留下形象

eg. The girl impressed her friends withher sense of humor. 这个女孩的诙谐感给她的兄弟留下了形象。

12. write down 写下

13. 常见的系动词有：

①是：am 、is、 are

②坚持：keep、 stay

③改动：become、 get、 turn

④ ……起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound

14. native speakers 本族语的说话者

〖Reading〗

〖常识点及短语〗

1. deal with 处置；唐塞

eg.—What have you done withyour book?

—I have sold it.

2. unless = if…not 假定不，除非

用于引导条件状语从句（留心“主将从现”）

eg. Don’t leave the room unlessyou’re told to do so.

不经答应，不得脱离这个房间。

3. be angry withsb (about sth) （因某事）生或人的气

4. go by (指时刻)曩昔；消逝

5. for long = for a long time 长时刻

6. complain about… 诉苦…

7. change/ turn … into … 把…变成…

8. try one’s best = do one’s best 极力

try one’s best to do sth. 极力做…

9. withthe help of = with one’s help 在或人的协助下

eg. Withmy teacher’s help, I passed the math exam.

在我教师的协助下，我经过了这次数学考试。

10. think of (think about) 想起，想到

11. compare… to… :把…比作…

compare…with…把…和…作比照

eg.①We comparehim to a little tiger.咱们把他比作小山君。

②We compared the translation withthe original. 咱们把译文和原文比照了下。

12. regard…as… 把…当作…

The boy always regards himself as a man.

这男孩老是把自个当成男人汉。

13. break off 中止，俄然中止

〖语句〗

1. How do youstudy for a test? 你怎样为考试做预备？

2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那种办法，我现已学到了许多东西。

3.It’s toohard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声响太难了。

4.Memorizingthe words of pop songs also helped a little.回想盛行歌曲的词也起一点作用。

5. Wei Ming feelsdifferently. 卫明有不一样的感触。

6.He finds watching

movies frustrating. 他觉得看影片让人感到沮丧.

7.She added that having conversations withfriends was not helpful at all. 她又说和兄弟对话根柢没用。

8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有一同操练英语的火伴。

9.Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.随后，我知道到听不理解每个词并没有联络。

10.It’s amazing how much this helped. 惊异于这些办法竟如此有用。

11.My teacher isvery impressed. 给教师留下了深化的形象。

12.She had trouble makingcomplete sentences. 她很难造出无缺的语句。

13.What do you think you are doing? 你认为你在做啥？

14.Most people speak English asa second language. 英语关于大大都人来说是第二言语。

15.How do we deal with our problem? 咱们怎样处置咱们的疑问？

16.It is our duty to tryour best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在教师的协助下尽咱们最大的尽力来应对应战是咱们的责任。

Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark

〖单词〗

1. used to 曩昔常常；早年常常（后接不定式，标明曩昔的习气）[注：used读作/ju:st/]

be / get used to 习气于…

be / get used to doing 习气于做…

2. go to sleep = fall asleep 入眠

3. candy (Un) 糖块

4. gum (Un) 口香糖

5.

chat 谈天；闲谈 chat with 和…谈天

6. death (n) 死；去世

die (v)死 dead (adj) 死的

6. patient ①adj 有耐性的；忍耐的②n 患者

7. in the end = at last / finally 最终；总算

8. no longer = not … any longer 不再

Section A

〖常识点及短语〗

1. used to do 曩昔常常

1)否定式为: didn’t used to或used not to

2)一般疑问句: Did … use to…

eg.①He didn’t use tobe a teacher

= He used not to be a teacher. 他曩昔不是教师。

②Did you use to have long hair? 你曩昔留长发吗？

③You used to be really quiet, didn’t you?

你曩昔很文静，对吗？

另外留心短语：

此处的to是介词，所今后接doing.

eg. ①He is used tohard work. 他习气于艰苦的作业。

②My grandfather gets used to living in the countryside. 我爷爷习气于住在村庄。

2. be on … team 参加…队；是…队的队员。

eg. He is on our school football team. 他是咱们学校足球队的队员。

3. be terrified of = be afraid of 惧怕

4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。

留心：这儿的with my bedroom light on是独立主格规划。独立主格规划的构成如下：

with + 名词 + 副词（描述词、介词、分词、不定式）这种规划在句中长作状语，分词的方法是由前后的名词抉择的。主动联络用doing ;被逼联络用done(曩昔分词)。

eg.①I won’t be able to go on holiday withmy mother being ill. 母亲病了，我将不能去休假。

②The weather was even colder with the wind blowing. 刮风了，气候更冷了。

③He usually works in his study with the door locked 他一般锁着门在书房作业。

④My uncle usually sleeps with his half open.

我叔叔一般半睁着眼睡觉。

Section B

〖常识点及短语〗

1. walk toschool = go to school on foot 步行上学

takethe bus to school = go to school by bus

乘公共轿车去上学

2. worryabout 忧虑

3. all the time 一向；老是

4. so + 形/副

such + 形 + 名

但留心：

1) so +形+a / an + 单名= such a /an +形 +单名

2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名

3)so… that ; such … that如此…致使…

5. go right home 直接回家

eg.①I spent 10 yuan onthe book.我花了10元买这本书

②I spent 2 days finishing the work.我花了两天的时刻结束这项作业。

③I paid ten yuan forthe book. 我花了10元买这本书。

④Ittook her 20 minutes to do the math problem yesterday. 昨日做这道数学题花了她20分钟。

⑤The book cost me ten yuan. 这本书我花了10元。

7. chat with 和…谈天

Reading

〖常识点及短语〗

eg ①Can you afford a new car?你买得起新车吗？

②I can’t afford to buy a computer.我不能付出买电脑的钱。

2. His mother looked after him as well as she could.

=His mother looked after him as well as possible.

他的母亲尽可以地照看好他。

留心以下两点：

1) as … as possible = as …as sb can 尽可以

as much as possible 尽可以多

as good as possible 尽可以好

as quickly as possible 尽可以快

I’ll study English as hard as I could.我会极力学英语。

2) as well as 还可以作为介词短语，意思是“和；不只…而且…”， 偏重前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上共同。

eg.①Living things need air and light as well as water.生命不只需要水, 还需要空气和阳光.

②The teacher as well as his students is going camping tomorrow. 明日教师和学生一同要去野营。

另外留心：由介词和介词短语联接的两名词作主语，谓语由前者抉择的有以下这些：

but(除…外) ; except(除…外) ; with(和);like(像); together with(和…一同)

eg.①A woman with two children is coming to the shop. 一位妇女和两个成人要来这家商铺。

②Nobody except his parents knows of it.

除了他父母之外，没有人晓得此事。

3. get into 堕入（费事、窘境等）

get into trouble 遇到费事

4. in the end = at last = finally 最终；总算

5. make a decision 做抉择；下决计

6. to one’s surprise 使或人吃惊的是…

eg. To my surprise, the little girl drank so much wine.

使我吃惊的是，这小女生喝了这么多酒。

7. even though 即便；尽管；即便

no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾)

8. 指动作的重复;

no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时刻、状况的连续.

9.take pride in = be proud of 以…而骄傲/骄傲

10.pay attention to 留心；留心

留心该短语中的to是介词，假定后边接动词，使用-ing方法，即：pay attention to doing 留心做…

eg. You must pay attention to listening to the teacher carefully. 你必定要细心听教师讲。

eg. English is very important. You mustn’t give up learningEnglish. 英语很重要。你千万别扔掉学英语。

12. change one’smind 改动主见

eg. You’d better leave before I change mymind.

你最佳在我改动主见之前脱离。

13. die (v.) 死；去世 dead (adj.) 死的

dying (adj) 病笃的 death (n.) 死

①His father died10 years ago.他父亲十年前去世了。

②His father has been deadfor 10 years. 他父亲死了10年了。

③The doctor saved the dyingman.这位医生解救了那位即将死去的人。

④His father’s deathmade him sad.他父亲的死使他哀痛

Unit 3

Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes

〖单词〗

1.silly = foolish 愚笨的；傻的

2. instead of 替代；而不是 留心差异：instead

3. present ①(n)当前；如今②(adj)到会的；在场的

③(n)礼物=gift

4. at present = at the moment ; now 当前；如今

5. opportunity = chance (n) 机缘；机缘

6. sleepy (adj) 疲倦的；不活泼的

sleep (v) 睡觉

7. reply (v) 答复；答复

reply for sb 代表或人做辩论（答谢祝酒）

make reply 做答复 make no reply 不做答复

8. in the way 挡道的；阻止人的

out of the way 不挡道的

9. achieve (v) 结束；完成

achievement (n) 成果；作用

10. importance (n) 重要；重要性

important (adj) 重要的

11. care about 忧虑；关怀

care for = look after 照看

Section A

〖常识点及短语〗

1. allow sb to do sth 答应或人做某事

其被逼规划为：Sb be allowed to do sth 或人被答应做某事

eg. ①Teenagers should be allowed to go to the movies.青少年大约答应去看影片。

②Parents should allow us to play with our friends.

其被逼规划为：

We should be allowed to play with our friends.

咱们大约答应和兄弟一同玩。

另外留心：allow doing 答应做…

eg. We don’t allow eatingin the classrooms. 咱们不答应在教室吃东西。

2. Sixteen-year-oldsshould be allowed to drive.

大约答应十六岁的孩子开车。

留心sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls

3. get / have sth done(曩昔分词) 让/请或人做某事

①get ears pierced 让人穿耳

②We had some photos taken in Beijing

在北京，咱们请人拍了几张相片。

③My computer is broken. I have to have it mended. 我的电脑坏了，我得请人修补它。

4.driver’s license 驾照

①The room is big enoughfor the meeting

这个房间用来开会够大了。

②He knows clearly enoughabout the matter.

他对那件事晓得得够理解。

③I have enough moneyto buy the house .

= I have money enoughto buy the house.

我有满足的钱买那套房子。

6. cut one’s hair 理发

eg.

①I don’t needhis help.（need作实义动词，凭仗do变否定）

②Doeshe need to know all?（need作实义动词，凭仗does变一般疑问句）

③You needn’t help me (need作神态动词，变否定句直接加not, 后接动词原形help)

④You need to explain the question once more.(You实施“explain”这一动作，表主动，所以用need to explain)

⑤The trees need watering = The trees need to be watered. (The trees不能实施 “water”这一动作，表被逼，所以用need watering)

10.so 句型

so + be(助、情) + 主语：“也如此”= too

so + 主语 + be(助、情)：“的确如此”

eg.1)I watched TV last night, and so didshe.

昨晚我看了电视，她也看了。= and she did ,too

2)I watch TV every day, and so does he.

我每天看电视，他也如此。= and he does ,too

3)I can swim, so I can. 我会游水，真的是这样。

留心：标明“也不如此”用neither / nor

eg. Ididn’t watch TV last night, neither did she

= I didn’t watch TV last night, she didn’t, either

11. I have to be home by 10:00 pm.

我有必要在晚上十点早年到家。

留心这儿的by指的是“时刻的截止点”，即：“到…中止”“在…之前”的意思。

12. stay (at) home 呆在家

13. stay up 不睡觉；熬夜

14. clean up 把…拾掇洁净

Section B and Self Check

〖常识点及短语〗

1. take the test 参加考试

2. pass the test 经过考试/ 考试过关

3. fail (in) a math test 没有经过数学考试/ 数学考试不及格

5. the other day = a few days ago 几天前

6. would like to do= want to do=feel like doing 想要做…

eg.You should concentrate more on savingmoney rather than spending it. 你大约更留心节约钱，而不是花钱。（比起花钱来说，你大约更节约钱）

8. learn from :向…学习

learn sth from sb:向或人学习某事

9. at present = at the moment ; now 如今，当前

10. I can’t choose which pair of jeans to buy. They both look good onme.我无法选择买哪条牛仔裤。（穿）在我身上他们都美观。

11. at least 至少；最少 at most 至多；最多

12. old people’s home 养老院

13. more often = oftener 更频频

most often = oftenest 最频频

14. newspaper office 报社

15. have / take +时刻+off: 有（多久）的歇息时刻；歇息（多久）的时刻

eg. ① havetwo days off 有两天的歇息

②I want to take a night off 我想歇息一晚

16. agree withsb : 附和或人（的定见）

agree to sth : 附和某事

eg. I agree ____ your idea. 我附和你的主见。

〖Reading〗

〖常识点及短语〗

①You mustn’t let your social life get in the way of your studies. 你千万别让交际日子影响你的学业。

②Why did you stand in the way?你为啥当道？

2. runningstar 赛跑明星

3. His parents won’t allow him to train as much as he would like to. 他的父母不答应他按自愿去练习。

留心：as…as中心只能用形、副的原形

eg.①She works as hard as her sister.

她作业和她姐姐相同尽力。

②He doesn’tplay the piano as well as me.

他弹钢琴不如我好。

③Please come back as soon as you can/ possible 请从速回来。

④You should speak English as much as you can.你大约尽可以多说英语。

4. achieve one’s dreams 完成愿望

5.We have nothing against running! 咱们不对立跑步。

6. be serious about 对…严厉/细心

eg. We should be serious about doing homework.

咱们对做作业大约细心。

7. care about 关怀；忧虑

8. Only then will Ihave a chance of achieving my dream.

只需那样我才会有完成自个愿望的机缘。

①of achieving = to achieve 作定语

② “only + 状语”最初时，语句要倒装

介词短语、副词、状语从句等

eg.(1)Only after a yeardid Ibegin to see the result of my work 只是过了一年后，我才初步看到作业的作用。

(2)Only when the war was overwas Einstein to go back to his work.只是在战争结束后，爱因斯坦才将重返作业。